Rousseau's Case for Censorship | Christopher Kelly on Rousseau
Oct 11, 2024
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Christopher Kelly, a leading Rousseau scholar and author of *Rousseau as Author*, dives deep into the philosopher's controversial views on censorship. He discusses Rousseau's belief in self-censorship as a means of preserving community morals, emphasizing the balance between free speech and societal values. Kelly explores the complexities of diversity in governance and the moral responsibilities of intellectuals. He also examines the tension between esoteric writing and accountability, reflecting on how these ideas resonate in today's discourse.
Rousseau argues that while free speech is essential, it can disrupt community cohesion and provoke conflict if left unchecked.
He emphasizes the necessity of self-censorship for authors, suggesting it serves the greater good and prevents societal discord.
Rousseau critiques the philosophical elite for writing esoterically, advocating for integrity and accountability in authorship within communities.
Deep dives
Rousseau's Critique of Free Speech
Rousseau argues that the Enlightenment thinkers who advocate for free speech and free debate are often intolerant and dogmatic in their approach. He suggests that reason, despite its significance, is insufficient to compel individuals to action and can even erode the moral fabric of society. This leads to questioning societal norms, customs, and beliefs that bind communities together. Rousseau highlights the paradox that while free expression is valued, it can also undermine community cohesion and lead to conflict.
The Case for Self-Censorship
Rousseau believes that there are circumstances where self-censorship is not just prudent but necessary for the greater good of society. He posits that it can be the duty of the author to temper their truths to avoid causing societal discord. This nuanced understanding challenges the prevailing notion of absolute free speech, suggesting that responsible citizenship sometimes requires restraint in public discourse. Rousseau's advocacy for self-censorship stems from an awareness of the potential consequences of challenging dominant moral opinions.
The Role of Morals and Customs
According to Rousseau, morals are deeply rooted in customs and unexamined prejudices that define a community's identity. He warns that probing into these beliefs can threaten societal stability, as they are often no longer grounded in rationality. Without recognizing the frailty of morals, challenging them could destabilize the very foundation of a community. Rousseau uses historical examples to illustrate how customs evolve and how societal reactions can shift dramatically over time, reinforcing the need for sensitivity in discussions surrounding morality.
Implications of Governance on Censorship
Rousseau suggests that the government has a role in censorship to maintain the social order without being tyrannical. In contrast to individual opinions, which should be openly expressed, lawmakers must have discussions grounded in collective understanding. He argues that laws should emerge from deliberation amongst citizens, facilitating a balance between governance and free expression. This careful calibration reflects Rousseau's belief that while some truths should remain sheltered from public discourse, others are essential for the public's understanding of their rights.
The Dual Nature of Intellectualism
Rousseau critiques the philosophical community for fostering a duality of thought where authors often write esoterically under the guise of sincerity. This tendency arises from intellectual pride, leading philosophers to distance themselves from the general populace. He also reveals the issues associated with anonymous writing, arguing that it can lead to irresponsible behavior devoid of accountability. Ultimately, Rousseau advocates for authorship with integrity, emphasizing the responsibility that comes with sharing ideas within a community.