The podcast discusses the global spread of dengue fever, its symptoms, transmission, and connection to global warming. It explores preventive measures, available vaccines and treatments. Updates on outbreaks in Burkina Faso, Chad, India, and Bangladesh are highlighted, as well as the adaptability of dengue mosquitoes to cooler areas. The challenges of developing a vaccine and the impact of climate change on mosquito populations are also discussed.
Global warming and climate change are contributing to the spread of dengue fever to new regions by allowing disease-carrying mosquitos to thrive in warmer temperatures and prolong their breeding seasons.
The increase in reported cases of dengue fever globally, along with the severity of symptoms in some cases, highlights the need for early detection, symptom management, and vaccine development to effectively control and prevent outbreaks.
Deep dives
Dengue fever is a viral infection spread by mosquitoes
Dengue fever is a viral infection transmitted to humans by infected mosquitoes, particularly the Aedes aegypti mosquito. This mosquito also spreads other viruses like Zika and Chikungunya. Dengue fever was first detected in Southeast Asia but has now spread to around 130 countries. While the majority of people infected with dengue experience mild symptoms or no symptoms at all, some individuals may develop more severe symptoms such as muscle and joint pain. The mosquitoes that carry the virus breed in stagnant water and can reproduce in small amounts of water, making control efforts challenging.
Global warming contributes to the spread of dengue fever
Global warming is implicated in the increasing prevalence of dengue fever. As temperatures rise, mosquitoes thrive in warmer climates, allowing them to expand their habitats and prolong their breeding seasons. This contributes to the spread of the disease in regions traditionally unaffected by dengue, such as southern Europe and the United States. The movement of people, along with the transportation of goods, also facilitates the spread of dengue and its mosquito vectors. The combination of these factors poses significant challenges in controlling and preventing dengue outbreaks.
Dengue fever poses a growing health threat globally
Dengue fever cases have been on the rise globally, with millions of reported cases each year. The symptoms of dengue range from mild to severe, and severe cases can be life-threatening. While there is a vaccine available, it is primarily recommended for individuals who have already had dengue. Treatment for dengue primarily focuses on managing the symptoms, and early detection plays a crucial role in effective response. In regions like Burkina Faso, Chad, India, and Bangladesh, dengue outbreaks and deaths have been a pressing concern. The rise in temperatures and lengthened monsoon seasons due to climate change contribute to the increased prevalence of dengue fever.
The World Health Organization has warned that mosquito-borne diseases like dengue fever are spreading to new regions. One reason is that warmer temperatures are allowing disease-carrying mosquitos to push into new areas. And wetter monsoons are giving them more time to reproduce in countries like India.
According to the WHO, the number of reported cases around the world has jumped from around 500,000 in the year 2000, to 4.2 million in 2022. It’s now found in around 130 countries.
So what is dengue fever? And should we be worried about it? The BBC’s global health correspondent Tulip Mazumdar gives us an overview of the symptoms and discusses what treatments are available. Zain Hasan, a doctor in Los Angeles, explains just how painful the symptoms can be in severe cases.
Makuochi Okafor, a reporter at the BBC’s Lagos bureau, looks at how officials are responding to an outbreak in Burkina Faso. And Pramila Krishnan, a reporter from BBC Tamil, tells us how India is coping with dengue through a technique called fogging. She also describes efforts by Indian scientists to develop a vaccine.
Email: whatintheworld@bbc.co.uk
WhatsApp: +44 0330 12 33 22 6
Presenter: Alex Rhodes
Producers: William Lee Adams and Benita Barden
Editor: Verity Wilde and Simon Peeks
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