Benjamin Neimark, a senior lecturer at Queen Mary University, discusses the daunting carbon footprint of warfare, emphasizing how conflicts in places like Ukraine and Gaza significantly impact climate change. He advocates for transparency in military emissions reporting, revealing the urgent need for accurate data to assess environmental costs. Meanwhile, Sarah Facey highlights the destructive eight-toothed spruce bark beetle, which threatens Christmas tree supplies and illustrates climate change's broader ecological threats. Together, they shed light on how war and nature intertwine with dire consequences.
Research into the climate impacts of war reveals that military emissions during conflicts can significantly surpass those of entire countries, emphasizing a pressing need for transparency in reporting.
The discovery of a perfectly preserved sabre-toothed kitten enhances our understanding of Ice Age ecosystems, showcasing the unique insights that can emerge from climate-affected permafrost regions.
Deep dives
The Climate Costs of War
Researching the climate impacts of war is essential, as conflicts like those in Ukraine and the Middle East have both immediate and long-term effects on the environment. The destruction of infrastructure not only leads to loss of life but contributes significantly to global carbon emissions, with estimates indicating that the military's carbon footprint could rival that of entire countries. For instance, data collected from wartime activities highlights that emissions from military operations in just 120 days can surpass the annual emissions of 21 small island nations. Understanding these linkages is crucial as climate change exacerbates vulnerabilities for populations affected by these conflicts, ensuring that discussions on war and climate are interlinked rather than treated separately.
Quantifying Military Emissions
The difficulty in assessing military emissions stems from the lack of comprehensive reporting on wartime activities and their environmental impacts. Current estimates suggest that during peacetime, military emissions account for about 5.5% of global emissions, yet wartime figures remain largely uncertain. Analysts have begun to quantify emissions from specific conflicts, such as the Israel-Gaza situation, by examining carbon-intensive materials used in warfare and emphasizing their long-term implications on global warming. This effort highlights the need for more transparent reporting from militaries worldwide so that effective measures can be implemented to mitigate these emissions and tackle climate change.
The Unprecedented Discovery of a Sabre-Toothed Kitten
A significant paleontological discovery has brought to light a perfectly preserved sabre-toothed kitten, frozen in the Siberian permafrost for 35,000 years. This find is unique as it provides direct insights into the physical characteristics of the extinct species Homotherium, allowing researchers to study its morphology and adaptations in a way that fossil records alone could not. The kitten exhibits specific features such as long legs and paw adaptations for snow travel, enhancing our understanding of Ice Age ecosystems and the lives of these ancient creatures. This discovery not only captivates the scientific community but also raises questions about what other remnants of the past may emerge as climate change continues to affect permafrost regions.
As conflicts in the Middle East and Ukraine continue to dominate the news, many Inside Science listeners have been in touch with the same question:
What is the carbon footprint of war?
How significant is the impact – and is it crass to even talk about it? We’re joined by Benjamin Neimark from Queen Mary University in London.
Also this week, we chat to the incoming DG of Europe’s particle-smashing facility Cern, what have we learnt by defrosting an extinct big cat and, the beetle that could ruin Christmas...
Presenter: Marnie Chesterton
Producers: Florian Bohr, Ella Hubber & Gerry Holt
Editor: Martin Smith
Production Co-ordinator: Jana Bennett-Holesworth
If you want to test your climate change knowledge, head to bbc.co.uk search for BBC Inside Science and follow the links to The Open University to take the quiz.
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