Truth, Goodness, and Fantasy Literature | Fr. Philip-Neri Reese, O.P.
Jan 1, 2025
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Fr. Philip-Neri Reese, O.P., a Dominican Friar and philosophy professor, delves into the evolution of fantasy literature, highlighting its darker grimdark subgenre. He compares Tolkien's noble narratives with George R.R. Martin's morally complex storytelling. The discussion explores Thomistic thought, examining truth and goodness within these works. Fr. Reese also articulates the doctrine of transcendentals, shedding light on their unity and significance in literature. Ultimately, he critiques the orientation of grimdark fantasy in relation to higher spiritual truths.
Fantasy literature has evolved into various subgenres, exemplifying its versatility and the changing preferences of contemporary readers.
Grimdark fantasy, characterized by nihilism and despair, is philosophically less aligned with goodness compared to traditional fantasy narratives.
Deep dives
The Evolution of Fantasy Literature
Fantasy literature has diversified significantly since the eras of J.R. Tolkien and C.S. Lewis, branching into numerous subgenres. These subgenres can be categorized based on different criteria, such as the degree of magic present or the settings in which the stories unfold. For instance, high fantasy features extensive magical elements, whereas low fantasy incorporates minimal magic into its narrative. The proliferation of subgenres, including urban fantasy, magical realism, and grimdark fantasy, highlights the genre's versatility and the changing tastes of readers, indicating a dynamic literary landscape.
Understanding Grimdark Fantasy
Grimdark fantasy presents a unique and often troubling subgenre characterized by its focus on dark and broken worlds with flawed characters. It emerged in the 1980s, gaining traction through works like George R.R. Martin's 'Game of Thrones' and is defined by its depiction of life as harsh, brutal, and lacking in idealism. Authors within this subgenre often emphasize a nihilistic perspective where hope is overshadowed by despair, making it a stark contrast to traditional fantasy narratives that typically explore themes of heroism and goodness. This thematic darkness raises questions about its portrayal of truth and goodness compared to more classic works in fantasy literature.
Philosophical Reflection on Truth and Goodness
The philosophical exploration of truth and goodness, particularly through the lens of St. Thomas Aquinas, provides valuable insights into the discourse surrounding fantasy literature. Aquinas posits that truth corresponds to the relationship between intellect and being, while goodness is seen as what satisfies desire. Drawing from these philosophical principles, it becomes evident that the measure of truth in grimdark fantasy relates to whether it aligns with the intent of its creator, just like any other art form. Consequently, while grimdark may not be less true than other fantasy genres, its ability to achieve higher levels of goodness is inherently limited, given its thematic focus on nihilism and despair.
Grimdark Fantasy's Limitations in Relation to Goodness
Contrastingly, grimdark fantasy is argued to be inherently less good than more traditional fantasy forms, primarily due to its failure to align with divine order and moral aspirations. St. Thomas Aquinas's philosophy suggests that art must ultimately be ordered towards God to achieve true goodness, a framework that grimdark narratives often contradict. With their frequent emphasis on hopelessness and the futility of right action, grimdark fantasies cannot fulfill the highest purpose of art, which is to reflect divine goodness. Thus, while grimdark works may possess artistic merit and truth according to their authors' intentions, they ultimately fall short of promoting a worldview that encourages aspiration toward the greater good.
This lecture was Fr. Philip Neri Reese explores truth and goodness in fantasy literature through a Thomistic lens, paying special attention to the difference between classical fantasy and the "grimdark" subgenre (epitomized by Game of Thrones).
This lecture was given on November 2nd, 2024, at Thomistic Institute in Limerick.
Fr. Philip-Neri Reese, O.P. is a Dominican Friar of the Province of St. Joseph and a professor of philosophy at the Pontifical University of St. Thomas (the Angelicum), where he also serves as the assistant director of the Angelicum Thomistic Institute. Though his scholarly research mainly focuses on metaphysics (especially the scholastic metaphysics of St. Thomas and his later interpreters), he has also published on ethics, economics, Christology, and philosophical anthropology.
Keywords: Fantasy Literature, Game of Thrones, George R. R. Martin, Glenn Cook, Goodness, Grimdark, J.R.R. Tolkien, Literature Subgenres, Thomistic Philosophy, Truth
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