An activist tried to take on Pfizer. Then things got messy
Oct 23, 2024
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Oliver Barnes, a seasoned US pharmaceutical correspondent for the Financial Times, teams up with Maria Heeter, a deals expert, to dissect a tumultuous activist investment campaign against Pfizer. They delve into the unexpected blunders, like a mysterious email that turned the tide. The duo discusses Pfizer's post-pandemic struggles, challenges in corporate governance, and how missteps can derail activist strategies in the pharma sector. Tune in for a gripping look at the high-stakes world where boardroom loyalty meets investor ambition!
Pfizer's rise during the pandemic showcased its shift from a traditional pharma company to a leader in innovation, but subsequent challenges led to stock decline.
Starboard Value's activist campaign against Pfizer faced unexpected setbacks due to premature disclosures and diminished credibility among key executives.
Deep dives
The Impact of COVID on Pfizer's Transformation
The COVID-19 pandemic significantly transformed Pfizer's corporate standing, elevating it from a company known primarily for drugs like Viagra to a leading force in pharmaceutical innovation. With the FDA granting full approval for its COVID-19 vaccine, Pfizer's market cap surged to over $350 billion, marking record highs for the company. This newfound status brought CEO Albert Bourla into the global spotlight, earning him praise from leaders, including President Joe Biden, and establishing him as a key figure in the pandemic response. However, as the pandemic receded, Pfizer faced substantial challenges, including dwindling demand for its vaccine and the rising popularity of weight loss drugs from competitors, which led to a steep decline in its stock value.
Activist Investor Campaign and Internal Turmoil
The decline in Pfizer's stock price attracted the attention of activist investor Starboard Value, which aimed to acquire a significant stake and push for changes to boost the company's performance. However, the campaign faced an unexpected twist when a blank email sent by former CFO Frank D'Amelio to CEO Bourla revealed the activist's intentions prematurely, disrupting Starboard's strategy. The involvement of two former Pfizer executives, who turned out to support Bourla instead of Starboard, diminished the latter's credibility and bargaining power in their campaign. This internal drama highlighted the complications of activist investing in a company already undergoing significant shifts.
Challenges Unique to Activist Campaigns in Pharma
Activist campaigns in the pharmaceutical sector encounter unique challenges, particularly due to the unpredictable nature of drug development and the reliance on scientific outcomes. Starboard Value, while pressing for changes at Pfizer, faced skepticism regarding the feasibility of their proposals, especially since many potential adjustments had already been executed by Bourla. The complexity of Pfizer's situation was exacerbated by the need for the board to consider the long-term implications of a leadership change amidst a high-stakes market environment. Ultimately, these factors raise questions about the campaign's potential effectiveness and whether it could lead to meaningful changes or simply a temporary fluctuation in Pfizer’s stock value.
Activist investors tend to rely on an element of surprise to catch their target company off guard: quietly building up a stake and swooping in with a slide deck full of strategic changes at just the right moment. That’s not what happened at the beginning of a recent campaign led by the hedge fund Starboard Value against pharmaceutical giant Pfizer. The FT’s Oliver Barnes, US pharmaceutical and biotech correspondent, and Maria Heeter, US deals correspondent, examine what went awry and what happens next.
On X, follow Oliver Barnes (@mroliverbarnes), Maria Heeter (@HeeterMaria) and Michela Tindera (@mtindera07), or follow Michela on LinkedIn for updates about the show and more.