Valerie Fridland, a linguistics professor and author of 'Well, like, dude', dives into the evolution of language and cultural phrases. She humorously critiques traditional views on 'bad English' and explains how the word 'like' has morphed from a simple verb to a conversational staple. The discussion explores the fleeting nature of slang and the challenges it poses among generations. Additionally, Fridland highlights the impact of societal norms on politeness, revealing hilarious anecdotes about trying to decipher children's contemporary slang.
Valerie Friedland argues that informal speech, like 'like' and 'dude,' reflects the dynamic nature of language rather than decline in standards.
The contrast between prescriptivism and descriptivism highlights the need to value diverse speech patterns instead of imposing outdated language norms.
Deep dives
The Evolution of Language and Its Perception
Language has been perceived as evolving throughout history, yet changes often evoke feelings of suspicion and disdain, particularly towards newer forms. Valerie Friedland notes that many people consider informal speech, like the use of 'like' or 'dude,' as indicators of declining standards, failing to recognize that such expressions reflect the dynamic nature of language. She emphasizes that these linguistic shifts do not denote decay; rather, they represent natural progressions within communication. This perspective challenges the historically prescriptive view that only certain forms of language are correct, urging listeners to embrace the ability of language to adapt and vary based on context and societal change.
The Role of Prescriptivism in Language Norms
Prescriptivism, which promotes strict adherence to traditional language rules, has historically dictacted how language should be used, often prioritizing elite norms over those of vernacular speakers. Friedland discusses how this approach became prominent with the creation of grammar books and dictionaries that established 'correct' usage, mainly characterized by the norms of the upper classes. As a result, many natural and evolving uses of language were dismissed as 'incorrect' or 'vulgar.' By contrasting this with descriptivism, which aims to understand language as it is used in practice, Friedland highlights the need to recognize the value of diverse speech patterns rather than imposing outdated standards.
Functions of Fillers: Um and Like
Friedland explores the linguistic utility of fillers, such as 'um' and 'like,' arguing that they serve crucial cognitive and communicative purposes rather than being signs of incompetence. These fillers allow speakers to signal that they are still thinking or organizing their thoughts, giving listeners cues about how to interact. Studies suggest that such discourse markers actually enhance comprehension and retention of information for listeners during conversations. By acknowledging their value in spontaneous dialogue, Friedland encourages a reevaluation of how we perceive verbal hesitations and informal speech patterns in communication.
Generational Perspectives on Language Change
Current language trends illustrate a generational divide in attitudes towards speech, particularly as younger speakers adopt new linguistic norms. Friedland indicates that younger individuals often hedge their opinions, reflecting a shift towards negative politeness where they attempt to avoid imposing their views on others. This phenomenon contrasts with older generations, who may favor more direct speech patterns, leading to misunderstandings about younger speakers' confidence. Through this lens, Friedland emphasizes the importance of recognizing the cultural and social contexts that influence how different generations engage with language, rather than viewing these changes as signs of anxiety or insecurity.
We are out of the office for the holiday, but we wanted to give you the chance to listen to an interview that Pesca Plus members got to hear. Back on 4/20/23 Mike talked to Valerie Fridland about her book "Well, like, dude". Enjoy the longer version of the interview and you can subscribe to ad free or Pesca plus with the link below.