Explore the remarkable impact of lithium on mood. Learn about its historical significance, including its use in 7-Up. Discover the discovery of lithium as a treatment for bipolar disorder and the benefits of lithium treatment in reducing suicide rates.
Lithium salt can have a profound effect on managing manic depressive illness, reducing manic and depressive episodes by 60-70%.
Naturally occurring lithium in drinking water has been linked to lower suicide rates, highlighting the potential for lithium to impact mental health.
Deep dives
Lithium: From Reacting Metal to Life-Saving Treatment
Lithium, the lightest metal on earth, has its origins in the Big Bang and is widely used in various forms today. One of the remarkable things about lithium is its impact on mood when taken in its salt form. It can have a profound effect on individuals struggling with suicidal thoughts and can help manage manic depressive illness, also known as bipolar disorder. Lithium has been found to be the gold standard treatment for bipolar disorder, with 60-70% of patients experiencing a significant reduction in manic and depressive episodes. Additionally, lithium has shown a remarkable ability to reduce the risk of suicide, making it an invaluable tool in managing this devastating condition.
The Discovery and Controversy Surrounding Lithium
Lithium's effectiveness in treating manic depressive illness was discovered by Australian doctor John Cade in the late 1940s. Through crude yet groundbreaking experiments, Cade observed the tranquilizing effect of lithium on guinea pigs, leading him to test its impact on severely manic patients. The results were remarkable, with 10 patients showing significant improvement and even being able to return to work. However, concerns over the toxicity of lithium and the unfortunate death of one patient led to initial hesitation and prohibition of its use. Subsequent research and careful monitoring of dosage helped unveil the therapeutic potential of lithium, which is now widely recognized as an essential treatment for bipolar disorder.
The Link Between Lithium and Suicide Rates
Studies have explored the link between naturally occurring lithium in drinking water and lower suicide rates. Research from around the world indicates that areas with higher levels of trace lithium in tap water tend to have lower suicide rates. Although the exact mechanism behind this correlation is not fully understood, the evidence is compelling. However, more data and randomized trials are needed before considering adding lithium to drinking water as a public health measure. Nonetheless, the impact of lithium in reducing suicide rates and curbing the risk of bipolar disorder underscores its profound influence on mental health.
It’s the lightest metal on the periodic table. Its origins lie in the very beginnings of our universe. And it's taken, in the form of a pill, by thousands of Australians every day.
Join us as we dive deep into the story of this wonder element lithium — the magic ion, as it's sometimes called — and its remarkable impact on mood.
This episode was first broadcast on 28 March 2021.
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