Dr. John Jenkins discusses the cult of Becket after his murder, the surge of pilgrims to Canterbury, spread across Europe, the economic impact, relic lore, the destruction attempts by figures like Thomas Cromwell, and the lasting impact of Becket's saintly legacy.
The cult of Becket attracted thousands of pilgrims seeking healing and spiritual connection at Canterbury Cathedral.
Despite misconceptions, profits from pilgrimages to Becket's shrine barely covered expenses, highlighting the cult's true motivations.
Deep dives
The Emergence of the Cult of Thomas Beckett
The murder of Archbishop Thomas Beckett in his own cathedral sparks the rise of miraculous healings and divine interventions, attracting tens of thousands of pilgrims to Canterbury. People from all walks of life embark on a journey to show devotion to St. Thomas, traveling on foot or horseback, sharing stories, hymns, and prayers along the way.
Relics and Miracles Associated with Beckett
Beckett's relics, including bone shards and bloodstained garments, spread across England and Europe, fueling the veneration of the martyred Archbishop. Pilgrims seek healing, penance, and spiritual connection at his shrine. Beckett becomes known for his healing miracles, with followers attributing their recoveries to consuming the blood-soaked relics.
Financial and Political Aspects of the Cult
Despite perceptions that pilgrimage to Beckett's shrine was financially lucrative, the income barely covered the shrine's expenses, debunking myths of profiteering by the church. The cult of St. Thomas of Canterbury symbolizes political tensions between church and state, garnering support from monarchs and spreading rapidly across Europe.
Beckett's Influence on English Nationalism
Thomas Beckett's status as a martyr and healing saint appeals to a wide range of people, transcending class boundaries. He becomes patron saint of London and mariners, embodying an English identity that unites kings, commoners, rural dwellers, and city dwellers. Beckett's relatable and exciting persona contributes to his role in shaping ideas of English nationalism and enduring popularity across medieval and modern periods.
Almost immediately after Thomas Becket’s murder, reports of miraculous healings and divine interventions spread like wildfire. Canterbury witnessed a huge influx of hundreds of thousands of pilgrims from all over Europe, boosting the city’s wealth.
In this final episode of our series about Becket, Matt Lewis is joined by Dr. John Jenkins to look at the cult of Becket, how it spread across the continent and continues to this day to keep Canterbury up there among the UK’s top destinations, exactly 850 years since King Henry II went to do penance for his involvement in Becket’s murder in the cathedral.
John Jenkins, of the University of York, recently edited and translated The Customary of the Shrine of St Thomas Becket at Canterbury Cathedral, a fifteenth-century 'operating manual' to Britain's most important shrine available as an Open Access ebook and in paperback from Arc Humanities Press.
Gone Medieval is presented by Matt Lewis. It was edited by Ella Blaxill, the producers are Rob Weinberg and Joseph Knight. The senior producer is Anne-Marie Luff.
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