Neuroscientist David Eagleman, known for his work on brain plasticity and sensory substitution, shares captivating insights into human identity and perception. He discusses how emotional experiences shape us, the complexity of memory, and the fluid nature of self. The conversation touches on willpower as a limited resource and innovative tools like athletic nicotine for enhancing focus. Eagleman also explores 'Possibilianism,' urging a broader exploration of existence, while reflecting on the profound impact of storytelling and the brain's intrinsic love for rhythm.
The brain is unparalleled in its impact on identity, making understanding and protecting it vital for our consciousness and experiences.
Dreaming plays a crucial role in maintaining and defending the visual system, highlighting the brain's remarkable adaptability in responding to different sensory inputs.
Humans can intentionally rewire their brains through experiences and goals, showcasing the importance of self-motivation and visualization in personal growth.
Deep dives
The Central Role of the Brain
The brain is fundamentally the most critical organ in determining who we are, serving as the densest representation of our identity. Unlike other organs, which can recover from damage or be replaced—like artificial hearts—the loss or alteration of even a small amount of brain tissue can profoundly change a person's characteristics, aspirations, and abilities. This emphasizes the brain's unique role in our consciousness and personal experiences; it is the 'city center' of our body's communication network. Therefore, any damage to it carries more significant consequences than damage done to other organs, making it crucial to understand and protect.
The Purpose of Dreaming
Dreaming serves a vital function for the brain, particularly in relation to the visual system. The brain actively engages in remarkable flexibility and adaptability, reshaping itself based on different sensory inputs, such as when blinding individuals have their visual cortex respond to touch and sound. Dreaming acts as a defense mechanism for the visual system, sending random visual inputs during sleep to maintain its territory against potential 'takeover' by other sensory modalities. This phenomenon underscores the idea that all animals likely experience dreaming, and the frequency of dreams reflects the fluidity of an individual's brain plasticity.
Consciously Rewiring the Brain
Humans possess the unique capacity to consciously rewire their brains through intentional efforts and experiences. Anyone can pursue specific goals, such as mastering an instrument or improving skills, by engaging in tasks that create rewarding experiences and self-motivation. The ability to visualize future versions of oneself encourages continued growth and development, showcasing the brain's plasticity. Acknowledging that we are sculpting our brains allows us to take control of our cognitive pathways for personal improvement.
The Influence of Science Communication
A passion for science communication has driven the speaker's endeavors beyond academia, sparked early by inspirations like Carl Sagan. They emphasize the importance of making big ideas accessible and engaging to readers, particularly those who may lack familiarity with scientific concepts. The evolution of science communication has shifted positive perceptions of public outreach, with more appreciation for scientists who share their knowledge beyond academic confines. Writing for a more general audience remains a significant goal, allowing scientists to connect with inquisitive minds and foster broader understanding.
Embracing Change and Novelty
The speaker discusses the inherent variability in human experience, arguing that memories shape one's identity but are often unreliable and reconstructed over time. This curiosity leads to a conscious effort to seek novelty in experiences, contributing to richer memories and a sense of a longer life. The relationship with time alters based on the newness of experiences, mirroring the fundamental aspect of human consciousness. Embracing change and actively engaging with the world can enhance our perception of time, encouraging a more fulfilling existence.
David Eagleman is a neuroscientist at Stanford University and a bestselling author. His neuroscience research spans the areas of brain plasticity, sensory substitution, human perception, synesthesia, and beyond. As the co-director of the Center for Science & Law, he works at the intersection of neuroscience and the legal system, using new discoveries in neuroscience to inform lawmaking. Eagleman also applies his research findings through ventures including Neosensory, a company he co-founded to develop sensory substitution devices. Known for making complex science accessible, he is the writer and presenter of the Emmy-nominated PBS series The Brain with David Eagleman, and he now shares valuable insights on his podcast, Inner Cosmos. A prolific author, his books include Incognito, Sum, and his latest release, Livewired.
David Eagleman’s upcoming events can be found here.
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