The Teachings of Ptahhotep, also known as The Maxims of Ptahhotep, is an ancient Egyptian literary work that provides guidance on moral behavior and social conduct. It is considered one of the oldest surviving books in the world and offers wisdom on topics such as humility, truthfulness, and kindness. The text was written as a guide for young men, including Ptahhotep's son, who was to succeed him as vizier.
The Book of Rites, or Liji, is a collection of texts that describe the social forms, administration, and ceremonial rites of the Zhou dynasty. It is one of the Five Classics and a core text of the Confucian canon, emphasizing moral principles, royal regulations, and ritual conduct. The book was extensively reworked by Dai De and Dai Sheng during the Han Dynasty.
In 'The Soul of Civility', Alexandra Hudson delves into the history and nature of civility, distinguishing it from politeness and highlighting its role in fostering respect and dignity among individuals despite deep differences. The book draws on a wide range of historical and contemporary thinkers to argue that civility is essential for societal healing and personal growth.
The Arabian Nights is a collection of stories that include fairy tales, romances, legends, fables, parables, anecdotes, and adventures. The frame story revolves around King Shahryar, who marries and kills a new wife each day after discovering his previous wife's infidelity. His vizier's daughter, Shahrazad, marries the king and saves her life by telling him a new story each night, leaving the story incomplete to keep him curious. The stories span various genres, including historical tales, love stories, tragedies, comedies, and more, drawing from the rich heritage of the Middle East, India, Persia, and other regions[1][3][5].
The Odyssey, attributed to Homer, is an ancient Greek epic poem that tells the story of Odysseus, king of Ithaca, and his ten-year journey home after the Trojan War. The poem explores Odysseus's encounters with various mythical creatures, divine interventions, and natural challenges. Upon his return to Ithaca, he must confront the suitors who have been vying for his wife Penelope's hand in marriage. With the help of his son Telemachus and the goddess Athena, Odysseus devises a plan to defeat the suitors and reclaim his throne. The poem is a reflection on human nature, loyalty, and the consequences of one's actions, and it remains a crucial component of ancient Greek literature and Western cultural heritage.
The Analects is a classic text that addresses practical issues of life and conduct through dialogues, stories, and anecdotes. Confucius's teachings focus on virtue, happiness, state governance, and human relationships, all based on principles of justice and moderation. Translated by Arthur Waley and introduced by Sarah Allan, this edition remains one of the most influential texts in philosophy even after two and a half millennia.
Homer's Odyssey is a memoir by Gwen Cooper that chronicles her life with a blind cat named Homer. Despite being born without eyes, Homer grows into a spirited and loving companion who faces numerous challenges, including surviving the aftermath of 9/11 and defending his home against an intruder. Through Homer's adventures, Cooper reflects on the profound impact he had on her life, teaching her about courage, love, and living beyond limitations.
It often seems like we live in a very inconsiderate, indifferent, and ill-mannered time and that the cure for what ails our abrasive and disjointed relations is a lot more politeness. But my guest would say that what we really need is a revival of civility.
Today on the show, Alexandra Hudson — author of The Soul of Civility: Timeless Principles to Heal Society and Ourselves — explains the difference between politeness and civility, and how being civil can actually require being impolite. We discuss how civility ensures the health of democracy, and good government relies on citizens' ability to govern themselves and check each other, which may require acting a little like . . . Larry David. We talk about what Homer's Odyssey can teach us about the art of hospitality, the relationship between civility and integrity, and more.
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