Mayo Clinic Talks Inflammatory Bowel Disease Series: Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) and its Treatment
Jul 3, 2025
Edward V. Loftus JR, a leading gastroenterologist from the Mayo Clinic, dives into the complexities of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), covering its two main forms: ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. He discusses key differences and symptoms to watch for when diagnosing IBD. The conversation also touches on complications, cancer risks, and dietary management, particularly the impact of ultra-processed foods. Loftus highlights innovative treatment options, emphasizing the importance of personalized care and the evolution of therapies in enhancing patient outcomes.
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Different Disease Patterns
- Ulcerative colitis affects only the colon and usually starts at the rectum and extends backward.
- Crohn's can affect any GI tract segment and often causes transmural inflammation and granulomas.
Distinct Complication Profiles
- Ulcerative colitis commonly causes bleeding, urgency, and risk of toxic megacolon and colon cancer.
- Crohn's more often causes strictures, obstructions, and fistulizing complications that drive surgery.
Recommend Whole Foods Over Ultra-Processed
- Advise patients to favor whole foods and avoid ultra-processed items with preservatives and emulsifiers.
- Use dietary change as an adjunct to medical therapy, not a replacement.