Episode 239: Exploring the Science Behind Dieting Strategies with Dr. Bill Campbell
Nov 28, 2023
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Dr. Bill Campbell and Dr. Mike T. Nelson discuss the science behind dieting strategies, exploring topics such as diet breaks and refeeds, their impact on muscle hypertrophy, performance, and body composition. They debunk misconceptions, analyze studies including the Matador study, and explore the effects of diet breaks on weight loss and muscle retention. They also discuss challenges of traditional dieting strategies, protein intake, glycemic load, breath analysis, and programs for fat loss and physique enhancement.
Diet breaks and refeeds may not result in significantly greater fat loss or muscle retention in resistance-trained individuals, but they have positive impacts on psychological factors.
The distribution of macronutrients in a caloric surplus should be tailored to individual goals, exercise habits, and metabolic health.
Incorporating refeeds into a diet may help preserve lean mass and mitigate the decrease in metabolic rate often observed during prolonged calorie restriction.
Deep dives
Diet Breaks vs. Refeeds: Exploring the Physiological and Psychological Effects
In this podcast episode, Dr. Bill Campbell discusses the concept of diet breaks and refeeds. He explains the difference between the two and highlights the importance of addressing both the physiological and psychological effects separately. Dr. Campbell refers to studies conducted in resistance-trained individuals, including one he conducted with resistance-trained females. The findings show that diet breaks do not result in significantly greater fat loss or muscle retention compared to continuous dieting. However, they do have a positive impact on psychological factors such as perceptions of hunger and disinhibition. While diet breaks may not offer advantages in a relatively short-term dieting period, they could be more beneficial for bodybuilders and individuals on longer, more aggressive dieting protocols. It is important to consider individual context and preferences when implementing diet breaks and refeeds.
Theoretical Advantages of Favoring Carbohydrates in Caloric Surplus
In this part of the podcast, Dr. Mike T. Nelson and Dr. Bill Campbell discuss the theoretical benefits of favoring carbohydrates over fats in a caloric surplus. They consider the metabolic effects of overfeeding on different macronutrients, with studies indicating that overfeeding on carbohydrates may lead to increased carbohydrate oxidation. However, they emphasize that the specific macronutrient distribution should be tailored to the individual's goals, exercise habits, and metabolic health. They also touch on the unique challenges that females may face when adhering to specific dietary approaches and the potential stress-related differences between genders.
Validity of Desktop Metabolic Cards and Observations on Resting Metabolic Rate
Dr. Mike T. Nelson seeks insight from Dr. Bill Campbell on the validity of desktop metabolic cards for measuring metabolic rates. Dr. Campbell shares his experience with the devices and highlights the challenges of comparing different types of metabolic cards. He mentions that overall, the devices are relatively accurate but may occasionally produce quirky results. Dr. Nelson also discusses an interesting observation he has made during overnight resting metabolic rate tests, where the respiratory exchange ratio (RER) tends to be abnormally high in healthy athletes who are in a caloric surplus. This observation warrants further investigation into the potential impact of a caloric surplus on RER measurements.
Study on the Impact of Diet Refeeds on Fat Loss and Lean Mass Maintenance
A study was conducted to examine the effects of diet refeeds on fat loss and lean mass maintenance. The study consisted of two groups: one group followed a continuous calorie deficit for seven weeks, while the other group had two days of refeeds where they consumed calories at maintenance levels. Both groups achieved similar fat loss, but the refeed group showed significantly better maintenance of lean mass. The refeed group also had a smaller decrease in resting metabolic rate compared to the continuous deficit group. These findings suggest that incorporating refeeds into a diet may help to preserve lean mass and mitigate the decrease in metabolic rate often observed during prolonged calorie restriction.
A Personal Case Study on Carbohydrate-Rich Diet for Fat Loss
The podcast host shared a personal case study in which he followed a high-carbohydrate and low-protein diet to demonstrate that carb restriction is not necessary for fat loss. Despite consuming processed and high glycemic load carbs, the host was able to lose 10% of his body weight while maintaining his resistance training and engaging in diet breaks and refeeds. Blood work showed improvement in testosterone levels, debunking the myth that high carb intake negatively impacts hormones. Although this diet approach may not be recommended for everyone, the case study provides evidence that restricting carbs is not essential for successful fat loss.
On this episode of the Flex Diet Podcast, I welcome back Dr. Bill Campbell for a fascinating exploration of diet breaks and refeeds, focusing on their role in muscle hypertrophy, performance, and body composition. Drawing from his extensive research, Dr. Campbell and I discuss the physiological and psychological impacts of diet breaks and refeeds, addressing common misconceptions and emphasizing their potential role in a well-rounded nutrition plan. We also cover intriguing studies including the Matador study and more recent research on resistance-trained individuals, revealing mixed findings about the effects of diet breaks on weight loss and muscle retention.
If you enjoyed this podcast, you can get more from me at MikeTNelson.com/podcast. You can see all the other podcasts and guest episodes I’ve done. Then if you scroll down, you can subscribe to my Fitness Insider Newsletter.
Episode Chapters:
(0:00:01) - Diet Breaks and Refeeds for Composition
(0:06:11) - Diet Breaks for Optimal Physique Optimization
(0:18:09) - Diet Breaks in Fat Loss
(0:28:39) - Diet Refeeds and Fat Loss Effects
(0:35:20) - High Carb, Low Protein Diet Study
(0:45:11) - Female Struggles With the Ketogenic Diet