Crime fiction history: everything you wanted to know

The Nine Tailors is a Lord Peter Wimsey novel set in the Fens of East Anglia. When a stranded Lord Peter Wimsey seeks shelter in a small village during a flood, he becomes embroiled in a series of mysterious events. The story involves a missing will, a hidden treasure, and a series of intricate bell-ringing patterns. Wimsey must unravel the complex relationships and secrets of the village to solve the crime. Sayers expertly weaves together the local customs and traditions with the suspenseful plot, creating a richly atmospheric and intellectually stimulating mystery.

A Study in Scarlet is the first detective novel by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, introducing the iconic characters Sherlock Holmes and Dr. John Watson. The story begins with Watson, a veteran of the war in Afghanistan, meeting Holmes and becoming his flatmate at 221B Baker Street. They are drawn into a murder investigation, which Holmes solves using his extraordinary deductive skills. The novel is divided into two parts: the first part takes place in London, while the second part is set in Utah and provides the backstory of the victims. The novel was originally published in Beeton’s Christmas Annual in 1887 and later in novel form in 1888.

In this classic murder mystery, ten strangers are lured to Indian Island, off the coast of Devon, by an unknown host. Each guest has a dark secret and is accused of a past crime by a recorded voice. As the guests are murdered one by one, following the pattern of the nursery rhyme 'Ten Little Indians,' the remaining survivors must uncover the killer's identity before they become the next victims. The novel is known for its intricate plot, surprising twists, and its exploration of themes such as justice, guilt, and class distinctions.

The Sign of the Four, published in 1890, is the second Sherlock Holmes novel by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. The story begins with Miss Mary Morstan seeking Holmes' help regarding a series of mysterious pearls she has received. The investigation leads to a complex plot involving service in India, the Indian Rebellion of 1857, a stolen treasure, and a secret pact among four convicts and two corrupt prison guards. The novel explores themes of betrayal, revenge, love, and justice, while showcasing Holmes's remarkable sleuthing abilities. It also introduces Doctor Watson's future wife, Mary Morstan, and humanizes Holmes by revealing his drug habit and personal struggles.

Bleak House, published in 1852-1853, is a novel by Charles Dickens that revolves around the Jarndyce family and their entanglement in the interminable lawsuit of Jarndyce and Jarndyce. The story highlights the inefficiencies and injustices of the English Court of Chancery, as well as themes of family secrets, blackmail, murder, and social critique. The novel follows Esther Summerson, who becomes the guardian of two other wards, Richard Carstone and Ada Clare, and their lives as they navigate the complexities of the lawsuit and personal secrets, particularly those surrounding Lady Dedlock and her past. The novel is known for its vivid portrayal of Victorian England and its critique of various social and legal institutions of the time.

Published in 1866, 'Crime and Punishment' is a psychological novel set in St. Petersburg, Russia. It revolves around Rodion Raskolnikov, an impoverished and intellectually gifted former student who formulates a theory that some individuals are morally justified in committing crimes for the greater good of society. Raskolnikov puts this theory to the test by murdering an old pawnbroker and her half-sister, leading to a profound exploration of his psychological and emotional struggles with guilt, paranoia, and the consequences of his actions. The novel delves into socio-economic disparities, moral dilemmas, and the psychology of criminals, making it a classic of Russian literature and existential thought.

Wilkie Collins's 'The Moonstone' is considered one of the first and most important examples of the English detective novel. The story centers around a stolen Indian diamond and unfolds through the perspectives of multiple narrators, each offering a unique piece of the puzzle. The novel masterfully employs suspense, red herrings, and unexpected twists, showcasing Collins's innovative approach to storytelling. Themes of obsession, colonialism, and the complexities of human nature are woven throughout the narrative. Its intricate plot and memorable characters have secured its place as a classic of the genre.

The Trial, written by Franz Kafka, follows the story of Joseph K., a bank official who is unexpectedly arrested on his 30th birthday for a crime that is never revealed to him or the reader. The novel delves into the absurd and labyrinthine legal system, where K. is drawn into a world devoid of logic and transparency. As K. navigates this enigmatic system, he encounters various characters, including lawyers, court officials, and other defendants, which further complicate his situation. The novel explores themes of guilt, bureaucracy, and the individual's struggle against an incomprehensible and oppressive society, ultimately leading to K.'s psychological and emotional transformation. The book is a profound reflection on the human condition, illustrating how societal structures can alienate and render individuals powerless.

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