Explore the ambitious French encyclopédie project of the Enlightenment period with D’Alembert, Voltaire, Rousseau, and Diderot. Learn about the challenges faced, the collaboration efforts, and the impact on revolutionary ideas in France. Delve into the rebellious and bohemian lifestyles of key figures, the alphabetical organization of the encyclopédie, and the triumphs over censorship and bans. Discover how this comprehensive encyclopaedia embodied the values of the Enlightenment and influenced the French Revolution.
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Quick takeaways
The Encyclopédie aimed to unify diverse branches of knowledge and embody Enlightenment values, sparking debates on its impact on the French Revolution.
Diderot's 'Letter to the Blind' challenges conventional ideas on perception, offering profound insights into human understanding and the subjective nature of reality.
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The Encyclopaedia: Enlightenment's Comprehensive Knowledge Project
The Encyclopaedia, a monumental 18th-century undertaking, aimed to gather all known human knowledge into a comprehensive volume. Led by prominent thinkers like Voltaire, Rousseau, and Diderot, it sought to unify diverse branches of knowledge. The project's 28 volumes over 20 years faced censorship, yet attracted a wide readership including influential figures like Oliver Goldsmith. Exploring diverse subjects from wit to trades, the Encyclopaedia embodied Enlightenment values and sparked debates on its impact on the French Revolution.
Diderot's Letter to the Blind: A Philosophical Exploration
Diderot's essay 'Letter to the Blind' delves into understanding sensory perception through engaging with a blind man's experience. By questioning how a blind individual recognizes the world, Diderot challenges conventional ideas around perception and reality. His contemplation reveals profound insights into the subjective nature of human understanding and sheds light on the philosophical implications of sensory limitations. The essay ultimately provokes profound reflections on the complexities of human perception and challenges traditional concepts of seeing and understanding.
Encyclopaedia's Impact on the French Revolution: Enlightenment Ideals and Societal Change
While the Encyclopaedia created a climate for revolutionary ideas, its censorship in 1759 limited its potential influence. The project advocated progressive taxation, abolishing privilege, and moderated monarchy as pathways for societal reform. However, its suppression stifled reformist discussions and paved the way for revolutionary upheaval. Despite Enlightenment thinkers like Diderot and D'Alembert's reservations towards the French Revolution's violence and anti-intellectualism, the Encyclopaedia's legacy remains intertwined with the revolution's complex socio-political landscape.
Melvyn Bragg and guests discuss the French encyclopédie, the European Enlightenment in book form. One of its editors, D’Alembert, described its mission as giving an overview of knowledge, as if gazing down on a vast labyrinth of all the branches of human ideas, observing where they separate or unite and even catching sight of the secret routes between them. It was a project that attracted some of the greatest thinkers of the Enlightenment - Voltaire, Rousseau and Diderot - striving to bring together all that was known of the world in one comprehensive encyclopaedia. No subject was too great or too small, so while Voltaire wrote of “fantasie” and “elegance”, Diderot rolled up his sleeves and got to grips with jam-making.The resulting Encyclopédie was a bestseller - running to 28 volumes over more than 20 years, amidst censorship, bans, betrayals and reprieves. It even got them excited on this side of the Channel, with subscribers including Oliver Goldsmith, Samuel Johnson and Charles Burney. So what drove these men to such lengths that they were prepared to risk ridicule, prison, even exile? How did the Encyclopédie embody the values of the Enlightenment? And what was its legacy – did it really fuel the French Revolution? With Judith Hawley, Senior Lecturer in English at Royal Holloway, University of London; Caroline Warman, Fellow and Tutor in French at Jesus College, Oxford; David Wootton, Anniversary Professor of History at the University of York.
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