The science behind yo-yo diets, bird flu news and which Brits can spot a fake accent
Nov 21, 2024
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Explore the fascinating science behind yo-yo dieting, where fat cells 'remember' past obesity, posing significant weight loss challenges. Learn about urgent bird flu updates, including hospitalization cases and the virus's alarming spread among cattle and pigs. On a lighter note, discover how people in the British Isles excel at spotting fake accents, revealing insights into cultural identity and regional nuances. Delve into the intersection of public health and personal identity in this captivating discussion.
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Quick takeaways
Research indicates that fat cells from individuals with a history of obesity have disrupted RNA, complicating weight maintenance post-dieting.
A recent case of H5N1 avian influenza highlights concerns over potential mutations, necessitating increased surveillance to prevent outbreaks in humans.
Deep dives
Obesity and Weight Regain Insights
Research highlights the challenges of weight maintenance after obesity, revealing that individuals who have previously been overweight often struggle to keep off lost weight. A significant study from the Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich found that fat tissue from people who underwent bariatric surgery showed about 100 disrupted RNA molecules compared to those who maintained a healthy weight. This disruption affects how fat cells store and utilize energy, making it easier for them to regain weight after loss. The findings suggest that evolutionary adaptations may cause the body to resist losing weight, reinforcing the idea that genetics and biological memory play critical roles in weight management.
Concerns Over H5N1 Avian Influenza
A critical case of H5N1 avian influenza has emerged in a teenager in Canada, prompting significant concern among health experts. The individual developed severe respiratory distress and was hospitalized, raising alarms about potential mutations of the virus that could enhance its transmissibility among humans. Researchers are conducting ongoing investigations to determine the origins of the infection and whether mutations occurred during the patient's illness or prior. Given the virus's spread in various animal populations, experts emphasize the need for heightened surveillance to prevent further infections and potential outbreaks.
Accent Recognition and Identity
A fascinating study on accent recognition reveals regional differences in the ability to identify fake accents, emphasizing the cultural importance placed on language in the British Isles. Researchers discovered that individuals from areas like Northern Ireland and the northeast of England showed a higher success rate—up to 85%—in spotting imitated accents compared to Southern participants, who performed noticeably worse. This disparity is theorized to stem from stronger regional identities and community ties, leading to a more nuanced understanding of local accents. The results underscore the significance of accents as a part of personal and cultural identity, further influencing social perceptions.
Science editor Ian Sample joins host Madeleine Finlay to discuss some of the most intriguing science stories of the week. From a study finding that fat cells ‘remembering’ past obesity drives yo-yo dieting, to concerning developments in the bird flu virus, and research pinpointing which parts of the UK are best at spotting fake accents. Help support our independent journalism at theguardian.com/sciencepod
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