Unbelievable? Did Jesus fulfil Scriptural Prophecy? Jonathan Rowlands vs Rabbi Marc B Shapiro
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Dec 11, 2025 In a thought-provoking discussion, Jonathan Rowlands, a biblical scholar from St Mellitus College, and Rabbi Marc Shapiro from the University of Scranton tackle the question of whether Jesus fulfilled scriptural prophecy. They delve into the complexities of typology versus prediction, examining diverse messianic hopes in Second Temple Judaism. Debates rage over Isaiah 7:14's implications, the significance of the empty tomb, and early resurrection beliefs. Their respectful dialogue reveals the nuanced interpretations of scripture, blending Jewish and Christian perspectives on messianic expectations.
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Prophecy Often Read Backwards
- Many alleged Messianic prophecies are retrospective readings rather than original predictions.
- Jonathan Rowlands and Mark Shapiro both stress original contexts often differ from later Christian readings.
Messianic Expectations Were Diverse
- Second Temple Judaism held diverse Messianic expectations rather than a single checklist.
- Mark Shapiro and Jonathan Rowlands note different groups imagined different Messiahs and roles.
History Scripturalized, Not Prophecy Historicized
- Bethlehem birth narratives likely reflect an existing tradition later linked to scripture.
- Rowlands argues Gospel writers sought scriptural warrant for an already-held tradition, not inventing it from scratch.
