Understanding Sperm and Semen

Semen is composed of sperm, which accounts for about 10% of its total volume, along with secretions from glands that provide essential nutrients for sperm. The testes, located in the scrotum, are responsible for producing both testosterone and sperm, operating optimally at temperatures slightly lower than core body temperature. During ejaculation, sperm travel through a series of tubes before mixing with fluids from seminal vesicles and the prostate, which contribute energy and help sperm maintain momentum. Notably, sperm undergo significant maturation, involving the development of a tail and other structures while being stored in the epididymis before they are capable of fertilization.