Long Reads: The Return of Indonesia's Old Guard w/ Michael Vann
Aug 12, 2024
auto_awesome
In this discussion, Mike Vann, a history professor specializing in Indonesia, delves into the return of Prabowo, a former general with a troubling past. They explore the dramatic political shift with Prabowo's election victory and the implications of his alliance with Jokowi, a previous opponent. The conversation highlights Indonesia's struggles between democracy and authoritarianism, touching on historical atrocities and the role of anti-communism in shaping military power. Vann's insights illustrate the complexities of Indonesia's political landscape as it navigates its dark history.
Indonesia's unique electoral system highlights the challenges of conducting free and fair elections across a vast and diverse nation.
Jokowi's initial popularity was rooted in anti-corruption and democratic reform, but his presidency shifted toward authoritarianism and oligarchic interests.
Prabowo's comeback symbolizes a troubling trend of rising authoritarianism in Indonesia, echoing past regimes and threatening democratic freedoms.
Deep dives
Indonesia's Electoral Landscape
The podcast discusses Indonesia's unique electoral system, which ensures participation across its vast archipelago of over 17,000 islands and 280 million residents. It highlights the significant administrative challenge of conducting elections in such a diverse and populous nation. Elections are described as generally free and fair, thanks to both domestic and international observers, marking a substantial improvement since the era of Sukarno and Suharto's authoritarian regimes. However, the long-standing prohibition of leftist political parties remains a barrier, making the political landscape predominantly dominated by more conservative and nationalistic ideologies.
Jokowi's Rise and Initial Popularity
Jokowi's ascent to the presidency is likened to that of Barack Obama, emerging from a lower-middle-class background to lead the nation. His initial platforms centered on anti-corruption and democratic reform garnered significant public enthusiasm, as evidenced by his unique campaigning style and popular appeal, which included his connections to local cultural icons like the band Slank. Jokowi's governance initiated optimism among the electorate, particularly following his landmark healthcare policies during his time as governor of Jakarta. His election in 2014 represented a vital moment of hope for many Indonesians, symbolizing a departure from the political elite tied to the legacy of the Suharto regime.
Challenges and Disappointments During Jokowi's Presidency
Although Jokowi began his presidency with lofty aspirations surrounding infrastructure development and the battle against corruption, his second administration saw a troubling shift towards alignments with oligarchic interests. The introduction of the omnibus job creation law raised alarms among labor and environmental groups, highlighting a pivot away from progressive commitments made during his initial years in office. Moreover, as dissatisfaction grew, Jokowi's responses to criticism became increasingly authoritarian, leading to a tightening grip on dissent. This transformation culminated in a loss of hope for progressive supporters, mirroring the disillusionment many felt under Barack Obama’s presidency.
Prabowo's Political Resurgence
Prabowo's return to prominence is examined, revealing the intricate ties between his military background and the political machinations within Indonesia. Despite his past as a former general linked to human rights violations, he successfully reinvented his image for the 2024 election, aligning himself with Jokowi strategically. This partnership demonstrated a trend toward political continuity with the old guard, combining political experience with populist tactics, including an engaging social media presence aimed at younger voters. Prabowo’s shift in approach allowed him to connect effectively with those unfamiliar with Indonesia’s tumultuous historical context, enabling him to secure a significant electoral mandate.
Future Implications for Indonesian Politics
The discussion forecasts the future political landscape in Indonesia, highlighting Prabowo's election victory as indicative of a broader trend of rising authoritarianism in the region. With potential similarities drawn to other global strongmen, concerns about increased militarization and diminishing democratic freedoms are accentuated. Prabowo's expected policies suggest a continuation of benefitting oligarchic interests, with a focus on extractive industries and infrastructure projects reminiscent of Jokowi's earlier terms. The implications of Jokowi’s influence persist, raising questions about the development of political dynasties and the potential for further erosion of democratic principles in Indonesia.
Ten years ago, Indonesia elected a new president named Jokowi who was supposed to represent a clear break with the legacy of Suharto’s dictatorship. He defeated the most notorious representative of the old guard, a former general called Prabowo. Prabowo was involved in some of the worst atrocities of the Suharto regime during the occupation of East Timor. This year, Prabowo won the presidential election on his third attempt — this time with the tacit support of his former opponent, Jokowi.
To discuss how Prabowo finally achieved his goal and what it means for Indonesian politics, Long Reads is joined by Mike Vann, professor of history at Sacramento State University. Mike joined us on Long Reads back in 2021 for a two-partconversation about Suharto’s regime and its legacy.
Long Reads is a Jacobin podcast looking in-depth at political topics and thinkers, both contemporary and historical, with the magazine’s longform writers. Hosted by features editor Daniel Finn. Produced by Conor Gillies, music by Knxwledge.
Get the Snipd podcast app
Unlock the knowledge in podcasts with the podcast player of the future.
AI-powered podcast player
Listen to all your favourite podcasts with AI-powered features
Discover highlights
Listen to the best highlights from the podcasts you love and dive into the full episode
Save any moment
Hear something you like? Tap your headphones to save it with AI-generated key takeaways
Share & Export
Send highlights to Twitter, WhatsApp or export them to Notion, Readwise & more
AI-powered podcast player
Listen to all your favourite podcasts with AI-powered features
Discover highlights
Listen to the best highlights from the podcasts you love and dive into the full episode