Le premier amour de Voltaire, une histoire à la Marivaux

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Voltaire's Philosophical Dictionary, first published in 1764, is a series of essays that form a brilliant and bitter analysis of the social and religious conventions that dominated eighteenth-century French thought. The work is structured alphabetically and includes diverse subjects such as Abraham, Atheism, Faith, Freedom of Thought, Miracles, and Moses. It argues passionately for the cause of reason and justice, criticizing Christian theology and contemporary attitudes towards war and society. The dictionary was designed to be portable and affordable, educating and amusing readers simultaneously.

Candide, written by Voltaire, is a satirical novel that critiques metaphysical optimism, particularly the philosophy of Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. The story revolves around Candide, a naive and optimistic young man who is expelled from his home after an illicit affair with the baron's daughter, Cunégonde. Candide and his companions, including his tutor Pangloss, experience a series of horrific events such as wars, earthquakes, slavery, and other atrocities. Despite these hardships, Pangloss persists in his belief that 'all is for the best in this best of all possible worlds. ' The novel ultimately concludes with Candide and his friends settling on a farm in Turkey, where they find happiness by focusing on practical, everyday tasks rather than philosophical speculations. Voltaire uses satire to lampoon various aspects of 18th-century society, including science, philosophy, religion, and government.