Shanahan on Literacy Our Middle School Reading Scores are Dropping – Help!
Sep 6, 2025
Middle school reading scores are plummeting, and the root causes might surprise you! Phonics instruction for younger grades isn’t to blame for these declines. Older students often struggle with decoding, yet effective remediation strategies remain elusive. Adding two hours of dedicated literacy instruction could make a difference, focusing on vocabulary, comprehension, and advanced skills. Shanahan stresses the importance of using challenging texts rather than easier ones to promote growth. Targeted interventions are key to helping students overcome their reading hurdles.
AI Snips
Chapters
Transcript
Episode notes
Early Gains Don’t Ensure Later Success
- Higher early-grade reading gains have not translated into higher 8th grade scores nationally.
- A better K–2 start alone does not guarantee later reading success, based on NAEP and state data.
Screen And Target Older Decoding Gaps
- Identify older students with severe decoding deficits and provide targeted word analysis instruction.
- Recognize there's limited research on the best ways to remediate decoding with older learners and proceed cautiously.
Mandate Two Hours Of Literacy Daily
- Provide a full two hours daily of focused reading and writing instruction in grades 3–8.
- Ensure teachers use that time effectively to improve students' literacy, not just schedule it.