Political scientist Diana Schaub from Loyola University, Maryland discusses Lincoln's speeches, emphasizing the importance of reason in self-government and the challenges of finding worthy leaders. The conversation contrasts Lincoln and MLK's approaches to unjust laws, explores Lincoln's belief in constitutional majority, and reflects on the power of oratory in shaping public narratives.
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Quick takeaways
Lincoln's speeches highlight threats to democracy and the possibility of re-founding a republic.
Being a post-founding generation entails maintaining self-government based on reason.
Lincoln advocates for following democratically arrived-at laws and peaceful change through democratic mechanisms.
Deep dives
Lincoln's Reflections on the Lyceum Address of 1838
Lincoln's examination of the Lyceum Address of 1838 delves into the nature and threats to democratic government. He highlights the comprehensive political reflection in the speech on the dangers to popular government, emphasizing three critical aspects: founding, unfounding, and the notion of a possible re-founding of a republic. Lincoln's choice of this speech for analysis underscores its deep insights into the underlying threats to democracy.
The Age of the Country's Relevance to Lincoln
Lincoln contemplates the significance of being a post-founding generation, recognizing the responsibilities inherited from the founders. He emphasizes the transition from the founders' labor to the task of maintenance for subsequent generations. Lincoln's analysis underscores the complexities of upholding self-government and the need to adapt to new foundations based on reason rather than passion.
Lincoln's View on Law, Civil Disobedience, and Democracy
Lincoln's stance on law and democracy emerges through his emphasis on constitutional majority, where democratic principles are foundational despite challenging situations. He distinguishes between unjust laws and the obligation to follow democratically arrived-at laws. While acknowledging the potential for law resistance, Lincoln advocates for democratic mechanisms like free speech and change through persuasion over violent civil disobedience, emphasizing the sanctity of the ballot as a democratic principle.
Lincoln's Address at Gettysburg in Historical Context
Learning from Lincoln, this episode delves into the historical context and significance of Lincoln’s address at Gettysburg in 1863. The event occurred a few months after the Battle of Gettysburg, with Edward Everett being the main speaker. Lincoln's concise speech contrasted with Everett's two-hour oration, emphasizing the solemn dedication of the cemetery and pivoting to a call for resolve and continued dedication to the nation's unity amidst post-war challenges.
Analyzing Lincoln's Second Inaugural Address
Delving into Lincoln's Second Inaugural Address that took place in March 1865, this speech stands out for its lack of triumphalism despite the imminent end of the Civil War. Lincoln focused on preparing Americans for the challenges of reconstruction, emphasizing racial and sectional reconciliation. Addressing the nation's deep wounds, Lincoln's speech sought to foster a spirit of charity and mercy as the foundation for moving forward united as a nation.
What lessons can we take from the speeches of Abraham Lincoln for today's turbulent times? How did those speeches move the nation in Lincoln's day? Listen as political scientist Diana Schaub of Loyola University, Maryland talks with EconTalk's Russ Roberts about three of Lincoln's most important speeches and what they can tell us about the United States then and now.
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