Gideon Rachman talks with Raya Jalabi, the FT's Middle East correspondent, who provides keen insights from Damascus following the fall of Assad. They discuss the mixed feelings of celebration and fear among residents, balancing euphoria with concerns over instability. Jalabi sheds light on the unexpected professionalism of the rebel group HTS and their efforts to be more accepted by locals. The conversation also touches on the challenges of rebuilding Syria's governance, the clash of ideologies, and the ongoing pursuit of justice for Assad’s victims.
The recent fall of Assad's regime in Syria sparked a mix of euphoria and fear among citizens regarding future governance.
HTS has shown unexpected professionalism and organization in their rule since the regime's collapse, aiming to gain local trust amidst uncertainty.
Deep dives
The Aftermath of Assad's Regime
The recent downfall of Bashar al-Assad's regime in Syria has resulted in a complex atmosphere marked by both celebration and apprehension among the populace. Celebrations erupted in Damascus as people expressed their euphoria over the departure of a tyrant, yet fear loomed regarding the future governance of the country. Eyewitness accounts revealed scenes of looting and chaos as individuals took advantage of the regime's collapse, creating a blend of concern and excitement. As the initial shock begins to settle, many residents face uncertainty about the new power dynamics and potential repercussions from various armed factions.
Transformation of Islamist Groups
The Islamist group Hayat Tariya al-Sham (HTS), which played a major role in the regime's downfall, has demonstrated a surprising level of professionalism and organization since their takeover. Historically linked to al-Qaeda, HTS has made efforts to portray themselves as more moderate, establishing military and police academies to train their forces effectively. Initial encounters with HTS members reveal a willingness to engage respectfully with local residents, challenging preconceived notions of Islamist rebels. This strategic approach appears aimed at winning over Damascus's residents, fostering a narrative of discipline and governance amidst the chaos.
Daunting Challenges Ahead
The future governance of Syria under HTS presents significant challenges, primarily due to the country's economic collapse and ongoing security threats. With a spiraling economy that has left 90% of Syrians living below the poverty line, the task of stabilizing the nation seems daunting. International support remains limited for HTS, as they are still classified as a terrorist organization, complicating their ability to secure much-needed resources. In addition to economic woes, instability from groups like ISIS continues to pose threats, emphasizing the need for careful navigation of both internal and external political landscapes in this newly emerging leadership.
Gideon talks to FT Middle East correspondent Raya Jalabi about what she found when she drove from Beirut into Damascus shortly after the toppling of President Assad. What signs are there that the rebel group HTS will be able to manage a peaceful transition of power and end the country’s civil war? Clip: AFP