What happens when AI becomes a true coding collaborator? OpenAI co-founder Greg Brockman and Codex engineering lead Thibault Sottiaux talk about the evolution of Codex—from the first glimpses of AI writing code, to today’s GPT-5 Codex agents that can work for hours on complex refactorings. They discuss building “harnesses,” the rise of agentic coding, code review breakthroughs, and how AI may transform software development in the years ahead.

1:15 – The first sparks of AI coding with GPT-3

2:20 – Why coding became OpenAI’s deepest focus area

4:00 – What a “harness” is and why it matters for agents

5:30 – Lessons from GitHub Copilot and latency tradeoffs

8:20 – From terminal prototypes to agentic software engineers

19:30 – agents.md and the future of collaborative coding

22:55 – Refactoring, code review, and breakthrough use cases

29:45 – Launching GPT-5 Codex and the road to multi-agent systems

35:00 – Security and the 2030 outlook

43:00 – Compute scarcity

46:30 – Should you still learn to code in the AI era?

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