Vitamin C for COVID-19, Stool Test for Colorectal Cancer Screening, USPSTF on Oral Health, and more
Nov 14, 2023
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This podcast discusses the lack of efficacy of intravenous vitamin C for COVID-19 patients. It also covers a phase 3 trial on a multitarget stool RNA test for colorectal cancer screening and the prevalence of Acinetobacter and Candida in ventilated patients. Furthermore, it highlights various research letters, editorials, and viewpoints published in the latest issue of JAMA, covering a wide range of healthcare topics. Lastly, it includes topics on oral health screening, topical therapies for atopic dermatitis, and over the counter progestin-only oral contraceptives.
Intravenous vitamin C had a low probability of improving outcomes for COVID-19 patients and a high probability of worsening outcomes.
The multitarget stool RNA test demonstrated a high sensitivity for detecting colorectal cancer and advanced adenomas while maintaining specificity.
Deep dives
Investigating the Efficacy of Intravenous Vitamin C for COVID-19 Patients
Two randomized clinical trials examined the effects of intravenous vitamin C on hospitalized adults with COVID-19. The trials included both critically ill and non-critically ill patients and enrolled over 1,500 critically ill patients and more than 1,000 non-critically ill patients. The results showed that by 21 days, vitamin C had a low probability of improving the primary composite outcome of organ support free days and survival to hospital discharge, and a high probability of worsening outcomes in both critically and non-critically ill patients.
Introducing a Non-Invasive Stool RNA Test for Colorectal Cancer Screening
In a phase 3 trial, researchers evaluated the sensitivity of a novel multitarget stool RNA test for detecting colorectal cancer in individuals aged 45 and older undergoing screening colonoscopy. The study included 29,000 participants from across the United States. The multitarget stool RNA test demonstrated a sensitivity of 94% for detecting colorectal cancer and 46% for detecting advanced adenomas, while also maintaining a specificity of 88% when no lesions were observed on colonoscopy.
Prevalence of Pathogens in Patients Receiving Mechanical Ventilation
A cross-sectional study conducted in Maryland examined the prevalence of Acinetobacter baumannii and Candida auris among patients receiving mechanical ventilation in acute care hospitals and long-term care facilities. The study included nearly 500 patients from 51 healthcare facilities. The results showed that these pathogens were common among patients receiving mechanical ventilation, with a higher prevalence observed in long-term care facilities as compared to acute care hospitals.
Vitamin C for COVID-19, Stool Test for Colorectal Cancer Screening, Prevalence of Acinetobacter and Candida in Ventilated Patients, Influenza Antiviral Shortages, and Gastrointestinal Adverse Events of Weight Loss Drugs
Clinical Review and Education Topics: Oral Health Screening, Topical Therapies for Atopic Dermatitis, and Over the Counter Progestin-Only Oral Contraceptives
Editor’s Summary by Anthony Charles, MD, MPH, Associate Editor of JAMA, the Journal of the American Medical Association, for the November 14, 2023, issue. Related Content: