Adam Smith - Moralphilosoph und Begründer der modernen Ökonomie

Published in 1776, this book is a comprehensive study of political economy that challenges the mercantilist views of the time. It argues that a nation's wealth is not measured by its gold and silver reserves but by the stream of goods and services it produces. Smith introduces the concept of the 'invisible hand,' which describes how individual self-interest leads to societal benefit through free markets. The book also discusses the division of labor, capital accumulation, and the role of government in economic development, advocating for limited government intervention and the promotion of free trade and competition.

Published in 1759, 'The Theory of Moral Sentiments' is Adam Smith's first major published work, based on his lectures at Glasgow University. The book argues that morality is driven by humanity's natural sociability and the need for approval from peers, rather than by rational calculation or innate moral sense. Smith introduces key concepts such as sympathy, the impartial spectator, and the invisible hand, which explain how individuals judge the conduct and character of themselves and others. The work delves into the emotional and social aspects of human behavior, highlighting the role of emotions like pity and compassion in shaping moral sentiments and behaviors.