A new editorial paper was published in Oncotarget's Volume 14 on May 4, 2023, entitled, “AGO2 in T-prolymphocytic leukemia: its canonical and noncanonical deregulation and function.” In their new editorial, researchers Till Braun, Hanna Klepzig and Marco Herling from University of Cologne and University of Leipzig T-prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL) — a mature T-cell neoplasm with an aggressive and treatment refractory course. “In light of limited therapeutic options median overall survival times from diagnosis is hardly longer than 2 years.” There is currently no FDA- or EMA-approved drug for the treatment of T-PLL. Although 80–90% of patients experience a response to the most efficient single agent Alemtuzumab, relapses are common within the first 12–24 months following this first-line treatment. One of the defining characteristics of T-PLL is the presence of the chromosomal aberrations inv(14) or t(14;14), which lead to constitutive expression of the proto-oncogene T-cell leukemia 1A (TCL1A). This adapter molecule is centrally implicated in the enhanced T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling that is observed in the memorytype malignant T-cell. Other recurrent genomic alterations that have been identified in T-PLL affect the genes ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM), Janus kinase (JAK), signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT), and MYC. In a recent study published by Braun et al., the team made significant advances in the understanding of the biology of T-PLL at the level of post-transcriptional gene regulation. “For the first time, descriptive and mechanistic data implicated the involvement of molecules of the RNA interference (RNAi) machinery in T-PLL’s leukemogenesis and by that refined our current disease model by concepts beyond protein-coding genes.” DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.28378 Correspondence to - Marco Herling - marco.herling@medizin.uni-leipzig.de Sign up for free Altmetric alerts about this article - https://oncotarget.altmetric.com/details/email_updates?id=10.18632%2Foncotarget.28378 Subscribe for free publication alerts from Oncotarget - https://www.oncotarget.com/subscribe/ Keywords - cancer, leukemia, T-PLL, AGO2, microRNA About Oncotarget Oncotarget (a primarily oncology-focused, peer-reviewed, open access journal) aims to maximize research impact through insightful peer-review; eliminate borders between specialties by linking different fields of oncology, cancer research and biomedical sciences; and foster application of basic and clinical science. To learn more about Oncotarget, please visit https://www.oncotarget.com and connect with us: SoundCloud - https://soundcloud.com/oncotarget Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/Oncotarget/ Twitter - https://twitter.com/oncotarget Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/oncotargetjrnl/ YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/@OncotargetJournal LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/oncotarget Pinterest - https://www.pinterest.com/oncotarget/ Reddit - https://www.reddit.com/user/Oncotarget/ Media Contact MEDIA@IMPACTJOURNALS.COM 18009220957