Rolz's view over the course of his life actually seemed to harden somewhat, and become a bit more disappointed about the direction of travel of the world he was in. He came to emphasise that familiar kinds of redistributive capitalist welfare states aren't really getting as close enough to adjust society. So I think it would be a mistake to think of him as a theorist of the status quo. He's actually someone with quite a radical critique of the kind of societies we're in.
Melvyn Bragg and guests discuss A Theory of Justice by John Rawls (1921 - 2002) which has been called the most influential book in twentieth century political philosophy. It was first published in 1971. Rawls (pictured above) drew on his own experience in WW2 and saw the chance in its aftermath to build a new society, one founded on personal liberty and fair equality of opportunity. While in that just society there could be inequalities, Rawls’ radical idea was that those inequalities must be to the greatest advantage not to the richest but to the worst off.
With
Fabienne Peter
Professor of Philosophy at the University of Warwick
Martin O’Neill
Professor of Political Philosophy at the University of York
And
Jonathan Wolff
The Alfred Landecker Professor of Values and Public Policy at the Blavatnik School of Government, University of Oxford and Fellow of Wolfson College
Producer: Simon Tillotson