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Steven Lewandowski is a professor of cognitive science at the University of Bristol. He studies how people do and do not change their minds when presented with challenging evidence. In the mid 2000s, Steven was one of several groups of social scientists who became fascinated with the public's perception of the war in Iraq.

If dumping evidence into people’s laps often just makes their beliefs stronger, would we just be better off trying some other tactic, or does the truth ever win?

Do people ever come around, or are we causing more harm than good by leaning on facts instead of some other technique?

In this episode we learn from two scientists how to combat the backfire effect. One used an ingenious research method to identify the breaking point at which people stop resisting and begin accepting the fact that they might be wrong. The other literally wrote the instruction manual for avoiding the backfire effect and debunking myths using the latest psychological research into effective persuasive techniques.

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