The Pioneers of Medical Hygiene and Intensive Care

This chapter explores the life and contributions of Ignaz Semmelweis in reducing maternal mortality through hand hygiene, juxtaposed with the historical evolution of medical practices related to sepsis and intensive care. It highlights the challenges faced by innovators like Semmelweis, Lister, and Nightingale, and their influence on modern medicine. The narrative also touches on significant advancements from the polio epidemic and the transformative impact of specialized critical care in the late 20th century.