The Evolution of Immigration Enforcement Post-9/11

This chapter explores the transition from the Immigration and Naturalization Service to the formation of Immigration and Customs Enforcement after the 9/11 attacks. It discusses the intertwined roles of immigration enforcement and counterterrorism, highlighting challenges faced by employees and the complexities of risk assessment in law enforcement. The chapter also examines the repercussions of immigration policies, the rise in deportations, and public backlash toward controversial measures like family separation under various U.S. administrations.