The Predictive Validity of Psychedelic Effects

The head twitch is less anthropomorphic than conditioned place preference or for swim. It has construct and predictive validity, which in my opinion are the most useful types for a model to have. There's something very complicated about anything with antidepressants or psychedelics specifically because they act on a type of unconsciousness that we're not sure exists in non-human animals. I don't think we could use an animal model to study like the phenomenology of psychedelic effects. Even with humans, there's so many assumptions that have to be made when you want to study psychedelic effects. Two people go to the exact same experience and explain it totally differently. And so that is the issue of subjectivity and phenomenology