GABA role in GLP-1 effects

In this episode of the Food Junkies Podcast, Dr. Vera Tarman and Clarissa Kennedy welcome back Dr. Nicole Avena — neuroscientist, researcher, and author — to discuss her team's latest paper exploring a provocative question: Could GLP-1 receptor agonists, while reducing food cravings, also negatively impact dopamine regulation, mood, and addiction risk?

Dr. Avena breaks down the science behind GLP-1 drugs, their effects on the brain's reward pathways, and why these mechanisms might lead to unintended consequences such as anhedonia, apathy, and depressive symptoms. Together, they examine potential tolerance and rebound effects, the role of GABAergic neurons, and the paradox of eliminating "food noise" while risking a hypodopaminergic state. The conversation also covers dose-dependence, the importance of holistic support and mindful eating skills, and ethical considerations for use in vulnerable populations — especially those with a history of addiction or mental health challenges.

Listeners will gain nuanced insight into:

• How GLP-1s work in the brain's reward and motivation systems

• Why side effects may be tied to dosing, individual sensitivity, and muscle loss

• The risk of emotional flattening and its impact on recovery and quality of life

• Strategies to use these medications responsibly, including lower-dose approaches and lifestyle integration

• Broader implications for the food industry, public health, and prevention — including concerns about pediatric use

Dr. Avena also shares a preview of her upcoming talk at the International Food Addiction & Comorbidities Conference in September 2025, where she'll address GLP-1 research, early-life risk factors for ultra-processed food addiction, and prevention strategies.

If you've ever wondered about the long-term story behind the GLP-1 craze — especially for those navigating food addiction recovery — this in-depth discussion is a must-listen.

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The content of our show is educational only. It does not supplement or supersede your healthcare provider's professional relationship and direction. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified mental health providers with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition, substance use disorder, or mental health concern.