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2min chapter
Age of Coexistence w/ Ussama Makdisi
The Dig
European Intervention, Breakdown of Order, and State Violence: Exploring Religious Pluralism in the Ottoman Empire and Its Aftermath
Exploring the relationship between European powers and the Ottoman Empire in protecting religious minorities, the chapter delves into the Turkish nationalists' perception of Christians as imperial proxies, the breakdown of order in 1860, Ataturk's vision for Turkey, and the emergence of weaker states in the Arab provinces post-Ottoman Empire.
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