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Challenges and Evolution in the Electric Vehicle Industry
This chapter explores the evolution of battery chemistries in the electric vehicle industry, highlighting the shift from nickel-based batteries to lithium-ion phosphate batteries in China. It addresses the strategic importance of electric vehicles in the clean energy transition, the profitability challenges of mining crucial materials like nickel for batteries, and potential solutions such as boosting nickel supply through recycling and exploring assets outside the Chinese supply chain. The discussion also touches on the global nickel market, critical minerals sourcing, and the challenges of achieving net zero emissions by 2050 amidst the complexities of ESG investing in mining assets.