Groupthink

In 'Groupthink: Psychological Studies of Policy Decisions and Fiascoes', Irving Janis examines how highly cohesive groups can lead to poor decision-making due to the desire for harmony and consensus.

He uses historical examples like the Bay of Pigs invasion and the Cuban Missile Crisis to illustrate the phenomenon and offers strategies to prevent it.

Janis identifies eight symptoms of groupthink and suggests methods to mitigate its effects, such as encouraging dissent and using independent groups to evaluate decisions.