Seek Inner Joy, Not External Approval

Guilt, shame, and a sense of wasted time can contribute to chronic dysthymia, which manifests as a persistent background depression that diminishes pleasure in life. While those without such challenges enjoy social activities and vacations, individuals with chronic dysthymia often fear their own engagements, requiring external validation to find meaning and joy. This 'dominant other' can be a person, ideology, or institution that provides a sense of worth. Ultimately, the inability to derive pleasure independently signifies a crucial aspect of dysthymia, even as many affected individuals appear outwardly competent.