The Evolution of Body Parts and the Design of the Aortic Valve

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The human body tends to favor efficient use of energy and resources, which may explain why certain body parts have evolved to be singular rather than duplicated. One example of this is the brain, as it is a highly metabolically expensive tissue. Similarly, the aortic valve, responsible for directing blood flow from the heart, is efficiently designed with three cusps to ensure one-way blood flow. It acts like triangle doors that open to allow blood out and then close to prevent it from flowing back in. This design is crucial for maintaining proper blood circulation within the body.

Sometimes a seemingly silly question gets stuck in your craw and you can’t shake the feeling that something big lies behind it. We are constantly collecting these kinds of questions from our listeners, not to mention piling up a storehouse of our own “stupid” questions, as we lovingly call them. And a little while back, we noticed a little cluster of questions that seemed to have a shared edgy energy, and all led us to the same place: Our own bodies. So, today on Radiolab, we go down our throats and get under our skin, we take on evolution and anatomy and molecular cosmetics, to discover some very not-stupid answers to our seemingly stupid questions.

Special thanks to Mark Krasnow, Sachi Mulkey, Kari Leibowitz, Andrea Evers, Dr. Mona Amin, Benjamin Ungar, Praby Singh, Brye and Rachel Adler

EPISODE CREDITS:

Reported by - Molly Webster, Becca Bressler, Latif Nasser, and Alan Goffinskiwith help from Ekedi Fausther-KeeysProduced by - Sindhu Gnanasambandan, Becca Bressler, Alyssa Jeong Perry, Molly Webster with help from - Matt KieltyOriginal music and sound design contributed by - Jeremy Bloom with mixing help from - Arianne WackFact-checking by - Diane Kelley, Emily Kriegerand edited by - Pat Walters and Alex Neason

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