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Medications for Lowering LDL Cholesterol: Overview of Categories and Functions
Different categories of medications used to lower LDL cholesterol and ApoB include: statins act on the cholesterol synthesis pathway by reducing LDL synthesis and upregulating LDL receptors; benthodioic acid, designed for statin-intolerant patients, acts at an earlier point in the cholesterol synthesis pathway; azetamide interferes with cholesterol reabsorption in the GI tract resulting in a 15% reduction in LDL concentrations; PCSK9 inhibitors interfere with LDL receptor breakdown, leading to an increase in LDL receptors on the liver; Eclisiran, a small interfering RNA therapy, also targets LDL receptors. Regardless of the initial intervention, these medications ultimately aim to upregulate LDL receptors, enhance the resorption of ApoB particles, and reduce their circulation time.