1min snip

Clearer Thinking with Spencer Greenberg cover image

What do we know for sure about human psychology? (with Simine Vazire)

Clearer Thinking with Spencer Greenberg

NOTE

Understand Sample Size to Guard Against False Discoveries

A small sample size significantly impacts the false discovery rate (FDR) in research, leading to a higher likelihood of false discoveries when true discoveries are limited due to low statistical power. Researchers often mistakenly believe that a small sample primarily increases the chance of false negatives, while the reality is it also elevates false positives because fewer true discoveries lead to a larger proportion of significant results being false. Additionally, the supposed protection against false discoveries provided by a 5% error rate is independent of sample size, complicating how researchers interpret statistical significance and FDR. Thus, understanding this balance is crucial for interpreting research results accurately.

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