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Brains as Prediction Machines
The brain forms perceptions based on sparse sensory data and is considered a prediction machine. This concept traces back to ancient philosophy, viewing perception as an interpretation of reality that is ultimately unknowable. In psychology, the brain is likened to an inference engine, perceiving through a process of unconscious inference. Sensory signals received by the brain are ambiguous and noise-filled, prompting the brain to engage in Bayesian inference to determine the most likely causes of the signals.