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The Night of the Long Knives: Nazis in Power
The Night of the Long Knives refers to a bloody faction fight within the Nazi party in June 1934. This event marked a significant moment in the early years of the Third Reich. The rise of Nazism can be traced back to the 1880s and 1890s, fueled by ideas of social Darwinism, racial hygiene, war, struggle, and antisemitism. The experience of World War I intensified these ideas, particularly with Germany's loss and the chaos that ensued. The Weimar Republic lacked legitimacy and was seen as ineffective in the eyes of many Germans, leading to a climate of fear of communism and disorder. The Great Depression further exacerbated the situation, resulting in mass unemployment. The Nazis, a populist party, took advantage of these circumstances and were eventually appointed into power in January 1933. This rise to power was facilitated by conservative elites who saw Hitler as a hired gun to maintain their own positions of influence.