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Myokines and IL-6: The Dual Role in Inflammation
IL-6 plays a dual role in inflammation, acting as an anti-inflammatory agent during exercise by stimulating the appearance of anti-inflammatory cytokines while inhibiting the production of TNF alpha. However, during disease, IL-6 can stimulate inflammation through a TNF dependent pathway. Myokines, secreted from muscles during contraction, have wide-ranging effects across the body and can travel to distant sites, exerting mostly beneficial actions. This highlights the surprising role of muscle as an endocrine organ and emphasizes the multifaceted benefits of exercise beyond physical strength and independence, including metabolic activity and overall health improvement.