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Double Down on Expansion: The Cost of Ignoring Security Interests
The escalation of tensions and the eventual conflict can be traced back to the West's refusal to acknowledge Russia's legitimate security concerns during NATO and EU expansion efforts. Instead of reassessing their strategy after setbacks in 2014, Western powers doubled down on their approach, aiming to transform Ukraine into a pro-Western liberal democracy aligned with both NATO and the EU. This strategy, encompassing NATO expansion, EU integration, and the promotion of political revolutions, is principally responsible for the war in 2022, rather than the actions of Vladimir Putin.