Exploring the Concept of Middleware in Quantum Computing

The concept of middleware in quantum computing can be understood in two aspects. Firstly, it involves developing libraries that enable users to easily deploy specific quantum algorithms across different hardware, such as the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA). These libraries streamline the creation of quantum computations for users, providing a user-friendly interface. Secondly, middleware encompasses the software stack that connects user-level algorithms with hardware-level processes. Specifically, it focuses on developing tools for fault-tolerant quantum error correction, aiming to enable users to design and implement quantum error correction schemes on various quantum computers. However, achieving agnosticism across different quantum computers is challenging and currently the focus is on working with preferred modalities.