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#72 – Scott Aaronson: Quantum Computing
Lex Fridman Podcast
The One Trick of Quantum Mechanics
Quantum mechanics relies on the concept of amplitudes, where positive and negative amplitudes can cancel each other out. Quantum computers exploit superposition, amplitudes, and interference to solve problems faster. A quantum bit or qubit can have amplitudes for both zero and one states. The rules of quantum mechanics dictate the need for amplitudes for every possible setting of qubits, leading to an enormous number of parameters. While popular articles may oversimplify quantum computing, the key to its functionality lies in choreographing a pattern of interference of amplitudes. For quantum algorithms to be useful, they must choreograph amplitudes so that paths leading to wrong answers cancel each other out through interference, while paths leading to the right answer reinforce each other.
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