An ideal survival leader is cooperative, fair, organized, and resourceful. They recognize and leverage individual differences, possess the respect of their crew, and are calm and in control. Conversely, a poor survival leader is indifferent to others' survival, easily panicked, loses control, and gives up easily. An ideal survival companion is easygoing, stable, skilled in survival, cooperative, and works for the welfare of the group. They are also helpful, humorous, and proactive. These attributes have been proven effective since 1954.