Tesla shareholders approved Elon Musk's $56 billion pay package, the largest in public markets history, with 77% of shareholders and major institutional investors like BlackRock and Vanguard voting in favor. Despite concerns about the size of the package, his vision and track record with companies like SpaceX and Starlink have been considered significant. The discussion highlights the challenges of CEO compensation, the need for a package that keeps the CEO focused, and the importance of balancing rewards with performance outcomes for long-term shareholder value.