Artificial intelligence has a dynamic definition that evolves with technological advancements. Initially, intelligence was defined as tasks computers couldn't perform, such as the mechanical Turk beating humans at chess in 1770. Alan Turing introduced the Turing test to determine if a computer could deceive a person into thinking it's human. However, modern AI research focuses on tasks rather than replicating human intelligence. For instance, in chess, despite infinite possible moves, the game's rules limit the possibilities, making it a task-oriented challenge for AI.