Investigative efforts failed to establish any connection between five Israeli men and foreknowledge of the September 11th attacks, with the FBI finding no evidence of advanced knowledge after extensive analysis. Despite suspicions from some sources regarding their presence in the U.S., officials concluded that their focus was on monitoring radical charities linked to terrorist groups like Hamas. Notably, the case of Otago, an Israeli-owned instant messaging service, raised questions about a received warning two hours prior to the attacks; however, employees chose not to report it, thereby missing a crucial opportunity to alert authorities and potentially save lives. This highlights serious communication failures in the wake of forewarnings about significant threats.