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"Econ 102" with Noah Smith and Erik Torenberg cover image

China, Russia, the Middle East, and Geopolitical Predictions

"Econ 102" with Noah Smith and Erik Torenberg

NOTE

Declining Fertility: A Shift in Geopolitical Dynamics

The discussion highlights a significant change in Iran's socio-political landscape, particularly linked to its fertility rates. During the 1980s, Iran experienced a high fertility rate of nearly five children per woman, which contributed to a large, aggressive military force capable of conducting human wave attacks. This population dynamic allowed Iran to engage more boldly against American interests, as evidenced by historical attacks on U.S. barracks, showcasing a robust willingness to confront perceived threats. In contrast, contemporary Iran's fertility rate has drastically decreased to around 1.6, well below replacement levels. This demographic shift potentially impacts Iran's military capabilities and its strategic posture, suggesting that a declining population may influence its willingness or ability to project power as it did in the past.

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